A conflict of interest exists when an author's judgment about a manuscript or Letter to the Editor may be influenced by secondary gain. Secondary gain typically involves personal, financial, academic, or political advancement. Examples of financial gain are easiest to identify and include direct monetary benefits such as
salary, honoraria, consulting, royalties, equity, and other
types of financial gain. When study findings may affect an author's bonus, incentive payment, or salary (e.g., research related to academic appointments and salary), this is also considered a conflict of interest. The academic recognition and advancement that come from publishing good papers are the appropriate reward for good work and do not represent a conflict of interest.
Potential conflicts of interest occur frequently. In some disciplines, they may be unavoidable. Authors of studies
funded by industry
necessarily possess a conflict of interest. Although this conflict is understood and accepted, it must be disclosed. Investigators frequently also have consulting or lecturing relationships with companies sponsoring their research. These relationships are typically entirely appropriate, understood, and accepted, but they must be disclosed.
Conflict of interest disclosure should be made at the time of manuscript submission, using this title page creation program, so that a decision can be made on whether the competing interests may have influenced the manuscript in any manner. A manuscript will not be rejected solely because of conflict of interest. However, appearance of a potential conflict of interest could result in a request that the conflict of interest be stated in the published manuscript.
Anesthesia & Analgesia does not have a threshold monetary value to determine "relevant" or "significant" conflicts of interest. Similarly, the Journal believes that there is no specific time at which a potential conflict of interest ceases to exist. All relevant potential conflicts of interest should be declared, regardless of monetary value or the date of the relationship. Conversely, we recognize that extensive disclosures of trivial or ancient relationships may unintentionally obfuscate relevant conflicts.
Authors are encouraged to err on the side of full disclosure. Full disclosure at the time of submission has fewer repercussions than subsequent exposure. The Conflict-of-Interest checkbox filled in by the Author is printed as text for each author. Additional conflict of interest should be disclosed as additional text in the manuscript.
I have read and understand the Anesthesia & Analgesia Conflict of Interest reporting requirements: